Monitoring and Verification of CO₂ underground

Satellite imaging, In Salah CCS project,
Algeria.Image courtesy of BP.

A wide array of monitoring technologies has been used by the oil and gas industry to track fluid movement in the subsurface. These techniques are readily adaptable to CO₂ storage to monitor the behavior of CO₂ underground. For example, seismic surveying provides an image of the subsurface, often allowing the behavior of stored CO₂ to be mapped and predicted. Other monitoring technologies include down hole and surface CO₂ sensors. New technologies such as satellite imaging, which can detect movements of less than 1mm in the Earth's surface are also being developed.